(Last Updated - 5/6/2007)
-Anterior Approach:
-The patient turns their head to the opposite side of the site of entry
-Identify the triangle formed by:
-sternal & clavicular heads of the sternocleidomastoid muscle & the medial portion of the clavicle
-usually a small skin depression overlies this triangle
-Insert the needle into the apex of this triangle aiming caudally toward the ipsilateral areola
-Posterior Approach:
-The needle is inserted about 2 fingerwidths above the clavicle under the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle
========================================================
References:
1) Netter FH. Atlas of Human Anatomy: 2nd Edition. Novartis. East Hanover, NJ. 1999. Plate 23.
2) Snell RS. Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students: 6th Edition. Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins. Philadelphia, PA. 2000. Pages, 791-792.
3) Up-To-Date 2007.